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Video Games

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Also Known As Computer Games
Digital and Interactive Media

The interactive screen medium, in which the picture responds to the player. Born in research laboratories in the 1950s and 1960s and made a commercial industry by arcade and home consoles in the 1970s, video games grew into one of the largest entertainment industries in the world and the first mass medium that is played rather than watched.

Facts
Origin Year
1962 1
1972 marks Pong and the Magnavox Odyssey, the medium's first commercial successes; laboratory predecessors include Tennis for Two in 1958 and Spacewar in 1962.
Origin
Spacewar!, created in 1962, is generally regarded as the first widely shared video game, following the earlier, narrowly seen Tennis for Two of 1958. 1
Place of Origin
Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States 1
Primary Format
An electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface or input device to generate visual feedback from a display device. 1
Typical Distribution
Distributed physically on ROM cartridges, magnetic and optical media or flash memory cards, and increasingly through digital distribution over the internet or cloud gaming. 1
Video Games
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Connections

Associated With

Amy Hennig, Figures
Source Amy Hennig (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia
Bruce Straley, Figures
Source Bruce Straley (Wikipedia)

Spacewar! (1962) and the arcade and home-console games that followed it through the 1970s and 1980s were displayed on cathode-ray tube screens; the CRT was the medium's dominant display technology for its first three decades.

Source Wikipedia
Chris Metzen, Figures
Source Chris Metzen (Wikipedia)
Ed Boon, Figures
Source Ed Boon (Wikipedia)
Gunpei Yokoi, Figures
Source Gunpei Yokoi (Wikipedia)
Source Hidemaro Fujibayashi (Wikipedia)
Hideo Kojima, Figures
Source Hideo Kojima (Wikipedia)
Source Hidetaka Miyazaki (Wikipedia)
Source Hisashi Nogami (Wikipedia)
Source Hitoshi Akamatsu (Wikipedia)
Jenova Chen, Figures
Source Jenova Chen (Wikipedia)
John Tobias, Figures
Source John Tobias (Wikipedia)
Source Katsura Hashino (Wikipedia)
Source Katsuya Eguchi (Wikipedia)
Source Kazunori Yamauchi (Wikipedia)
Ken Levine, Figures
Source Ken Levine (Wikipedia)
Source Masahiro Sakurai (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia
Ralph Baer, Figures
Source Wikipedia
Source Wikipedia
Source Roberta Williams (Wikipedia)
Shinji Mikami, Figures
Source Shinji Mikami (Wikipedia)
Sid Meier, Figures

Created the Civilization series, a foundational strategy franchise in the video game medium.

Source Takashi Tokita (Wikipedia)
Tom Hall, Figures
Source Tom Hall (Wikipedia)
Toru Iwatani, Figures

Created Pac-Man in 1980, one of the most influential titles in the video game medium.

Will Wright, Figures

Created SimCity (1989) and The Sims (2000), shaping the simulation genre within the video game medium.

Source Yoshiaki Koizumi (Wikipedia)
Source Yoshinori Kitase (Wikipedia)

Media Entries

Source Age of Empires (video game), Wikipedia
Source Angry Birds (Wikipedia)
Source Animal Crossing (video game), Wikipedia
Source Wikipedia: Apex Legends
Source Wikipedia: BioShock
Source Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare, Wikipedia
Source Candy Crush Saga, Wikipedia
Source Candy Crush Saga, Wikipedia
Source Wikipedia: Castlevania (1986 video game)
Source Centipede (video game), Wikipedia
Source Wikipedia: Chrono Trigger
Source Civilization (Wikipedia)
Source Clash of Clans - Wikipedia
Source Corpse Party (Wikipedia)
Source Counter-Strike (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: Dance Dance Revolution
Source Dark Souls, Wikipedia
Diablo, Landmark Works
Source Diablo (video game), Wikipedia
Doom, Landmark Works
Source Doom (1993 video game) (Wikipedia)
Dota 2, Landmark Works
Source Dota 2, Wikipedia
Source Duke Nukem 3D, Wikipedia
Source Elden Ring, Wikipedia
Source Entertainment Software Rating Board (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: EverQuest
Source Final Fantasy VII (Wikipedia)
Source Fortnite (Wikipedia)
Source Fortnite (Wikipedia)
Galaga, Landmark Works
Source Galaga, Wikipedia
Source Genshin Impact - Wikipedia
Source Genshin Impact - Wikipedia
Source Wikipedia: God of War (2018 video game)
Source Gran Turismo (1997 video game), Wikipedia
Source Granblue Fantasy (Wikipedia)
Source Grand Theft Auto III (Wikipedia)
Source Grand Theft Auto V, Wikipedia
Source Wikipedia: Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas
Source Halo: Combat Evolved, Wikipedia
Source Hyperdimension Neptunia (Wikipedia)
Source Journey (2012 video game), Wikipedia
Source Kantai Collection (Wikipedia)
Source King's Quest (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: Kirby's Dream Land
Source League of Legends - Wikipedia
Source Wikipedia: Left 4 Dead
Source Wikipedia
Source Wikipedia - MapleStory
Source Wikipedia: Mega Man (1987 video game)
Source Wikipedia: Metal Gear
Source Metroid (Wikipedia)
Source Minecraft (Wikipedia)
Source Missile Command, Wikipedia
Source Mortal Kombat (Wikipedia)
Myst, Landmark Works
Source Overwatch (2016 video game) (Wikipedia)
Source Pac-Man (Wikipedia)
Source Pac-Man (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: Persona 5
Pong, Landmark Works
Source Wikipedia
Source Populous (video game) - Wikipedia
Portal, Landmark Works
Source Portal (video game), Wikipedia
Quake, Landmark Works
Source Resident Evil (1996 video game) - Wikipedia
Roblox, Landmark Works
Source Roblox, Wikipedia
Source Wikipedia: Rocket League
Source Silent Hill (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: Silent Hill (video game)
Source SimCity (Wikipedia)
Source Sonic the Hedgehog (1991 video game) - Wikipedia
Source Space Invaders (Wikipedia)
Source Spacewar! (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: Splatoon (video game)
Source StarCraft (Wikipedia)
Source Street Fighter II (Wikipedia)
Source Super Mario 64 (Wikipedia)
Source Super Mario Bros. (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia: Super Smash Bros. (video game)
Source Wikipedia: Team Fortress 2
Source Tennis for Two - Wikipedia
Tetris, Landmark Works
Source Tetris (Wikipedia)
Source The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia
Source Wikipedia: The Last of Us (video game)
Source The Legend of Zelda (video game), Wikipedia
Source Wikipedia: The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild
Source The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time (Wikipedia)
Source The Sims (Wikipedia)
Source Wikipedia - The Sims
Source Wikipedia: The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt
Source Tomb Raider (1996 video game) - Wikipedia
Source Wikipedia: Ultima Online
Source Wikipedia: Uncharted 2: Among Thieves
Source Undertale, Wikipedia
Source Wikipedia: Valorant
Source Wikipedia - Warcraft
Source Wii Sports, Wikipedia
Wordle, Landmark Works
Source Wordle, Wikipedia
Source Words with Friends - Wikipedia
Source World of Warcraft (Wikipedia)
Zork, Landmark Works
Source Zork (Wikipedia)

Open Questions

Sources
1. Wikipedia
Wikimedia Foundation
  • History of video games, Early history (1948-1970) section
    Spacewar! [is] the first widely shared video game.
  • Distribution and legacy section
    Spacewar! was extremely popular in the small programming community in the 1960s and was widely recreated on other minicomputer and mainframe computers of the time before migrating to early microcomputer systems in the 1970s.
  • Spacewar!, lead section
    It was written for the newly installed DEC PDP-1 minicomputer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
  • Video game, opening section
    A video game, computer game, or simply game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface or input device to generate visual feedback from a display device.
  • Video game, Game media/Components section
    Physical formats include ROM cartridges, magnetic storage including magnetic-tape data storage and floppy discs, optical media formats including CD-ROM and DVDs, and flash memory cards. Furthermore digital distribution over the Internet or other communication methods as well as cloud gaming alleviate the need for any physical media.
  • Associated With: Cathode-Ray Tube, History of video games, Early games
  • Associated With: Ralph Baer
  • Associated With: Nolan Bushnell
  • Associated With: Atari, Inc.
  • Media Entries: Magnavox Odyssey
  • Media Entries: Pong
  • Associated With: Release of the Magnavox Odyssey
  • Media Entries: The Golden Age of Arcade Video Games
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Encyclopedia Britannica
Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc.View the Source
The Sims (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationMedia Entries: The SimsView the Source
Counter-Strike (Wikipedia)
WikipediaMedia Entries: Counter-Strike, lead paragraph
Quote, Media Entries: Counter-Strike, lead paragraph
Counter-Strike (CS) is a series of multiplayer tactical first-person shooter video games, in which opposing teams attempt to complete various objectives.
View the Source
King's Quest (Wikipedia)
Media Entries: King's Quest, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: King's Quest, Article lead sentence
King's Quest is a graphic adventure game series, released between 1980 and 2016 and created by the American software company Sierra Entertainment.
View the Source
League of Legends - Wikipedia
Media Entries: League of Legends, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: League of Legends, Article lead sentence
League of Legends (LoL), commonly referred to as League, is a multiplayer online battle arena video game developed and published by Riot Games.
View the Source
Wikipedia: EverQuest
Media Entries: EverQuest, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: EverQuest, Article lead sentence
EverQuest is a 3D fantasy-themed massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) originally developed by Verant Interactive and 989 Studios for Windows.
View the Source
Diablo (video game), Wikipedia
Media Entries: Diablo, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Diablo, Article lead sentence
Diablo is a 1997 action role-playing game developed by Blizzard North and published by Blizzard Entertainment for Windows.
View the Source
Populous (video game) - Wikipedia
Media Entries: Populous, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Populous, Article lead sentence
Populous is a video game developed by Bullfrog Productions and published by Electronic Arts for the Amiga in March 1989, then quickly the Atari ST and MS-DOS.
View the Source
Sonic the Hedgehog (1991 video game) - Wikipedia
Media Entries: Sonic the Hedgehog (1991 video game), Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Sonic the Hedgehog (1991 video game), Article lead sentence
Sonic the Hedgehog is a 1991 platform game developed by Sonic Team and published by Sega for the Sega Genesis.
View the Source
Resident Evil (1996 video game) - Wikipedia
Media Entries: Resident Evil (1996 video game), Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Resident Evil (1996 video game), Article lead sentence
Resident Evil is a 1996 survival horror video game developed and published by Capcom for the PlayStation.
View the Source
Tomb Raider (1996 video game) - Wikipedia
Media Entries: Tomb Raider (1996 video game), Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Tomb Raider (1996 video game), Article lead sentence
Tomb Raider is a 1996 action-adventure game developed by Core Design and published by Eidos Interactive as the debut entry in the Tomb Raider media franchise.
View the Source
The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim (Wikipedia)
Media Entries: The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim, Article lead sentence
The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim is a 2011 action role-playing game developed by Bethesda Game Studios and published by Bethesda Softworks.
View the Source
Wordle, Wikipedia
Media Entries: Wordle, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Wordle, Article lead sentence
Wordle is a web-based word game created and developed by Welsh software engineer Josh Wardle.
View the Source
Overwatch (2016 video game) (Wikipedia)
Media Entries: Overwatch, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Overwatch, Article lead sentence
Overwatch (retroactively referred to as Overwatch Classic) was a 2016 live service multiplayer first-person shooter video game by Blizzard Entertainment.
View the Source
Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare, Wikipedia
Media Entries: Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare, Article lead sentence
Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare is a 2007 first-person shooter game developed by Infinity Ward and published by Activision.
View the Source
Centipede (video game), Wikipedia
Media Entries: Centipede, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Centipede, Article lead sentence
Centipede is a 1981 fixed shooter video game developed and published by Atari, Inc.
View the Source
Galaga, Wikipedia
Media Entries: Galaga, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Galaga, Article lead sentence
Galaga is a 1981 fixed shooter video game developed and published by Namco for arcades.
View the Source
Missile Command, Wikipedia
Media Entries: Missile Command, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Missile Command, Article lead sentence
Missile Command is a 1980 shoot 'em up video game developed and published by Atari, Inc.
View the Source
Duke Nukem 3D, Wikipedia
Media Entries: Duke Nukem 3D, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Duke Nukem 3D, Article lead sentence
Duke Nukem 3D is a 1996 first-person shooter game developed by 3D Realms and published by FormGen for MS-DOS.
View the Source
Wikipedia: Chrono Trigger
Media Entries: Chrono Trigger, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Chrono Trigger, Article lead sentence
Chrono Trigger is a 1995 role-playing video game developed and published by Square for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System.
View the Source
Dark Souls, Wikipedia
Media Entries: Dark Souls, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Dark Souls, Article lead sentence
Dark Souls is a dark fantasy, action role-playing game series developed by FromSoftware and published by Bandai Namco Entertainment.
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Dota 2, Wikipedia
Media Entries: Dota 2, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Dota 2, Article lead sentence
Dota 2 is a 2013 multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) video game by Valve.
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Roblox, Wikipedia
Media Entries: Roblox, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Roblox, Article lead sentence
Roblox ( , ROH-bloks) is an online game platform and game creation system developed by Roblox Corporation that allows users to program and play games created by themselves or other users.
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Journey (2012 video game), Wikipedia
Media Entries: Journey (2012 video game), Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Journey (2012 video game), Article lead sentence
Journey is an adventure game developed by Thatgamecompany and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 3.
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Gran Turismo (1997 video game), Wikipedia
Media Entries: Gran Turismo (1997 video game), Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Gran Turismo (1997 video game), Article lead sentence
Gran Turismo is a 1997 sim racing video game developed and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation.
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Age of Empires (video game), Wikipedia
Media Entries: Age of Empires, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Age of Empires, Article lead sentence
Age of Empires is a 1997 real-time strategy video game based on the ancient world, developed by Ensemble Studios and published by Microsoft, and the first game in the Age of Empires series.
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Wikipedia: The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild
Media Entries: The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild, Article lead sentence
The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild is a 2017 action-adventure game developed by Nintendo EPD for the Wii U and Nintendo Switch.
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Genshin Impact - Wikipedia
Media Entries: Genshin Impact, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Genshin Impact, Article lead sentence
Genshin Impact ( GHEN-shin; Chinese: 原神; pinyin: Yuánshén; lit. 'Primordial God') is a 2020 action role-playing video game developed and published by miHoYo.
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Spacewar! (Wikipedia)
Media Entries: Spacewar!, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Spacewar!, Article lead sentence
Spacewar! is a space combat video game developed in 1962 by Steve Russell in collaboration with Martin Graetz, Wayne Wiitanen, Bob Saunders, Steve Piner, and others. It was written for the newly installed DEC PDP-1 minicomputer at the
View the Source
Pac-Man (Wikipedia)
Media Entries: Pac-Man, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Pac-Man, Article lead sentence
Pac-Man, originally titled Puck Man in Japan, is a 1980 maze video game developed and published by Namco for arcades.
View the Source
Tetris (Wikipedia)
Media Entries: Tetris, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Tetris, Article lead sentence
Tetris (Russian: Тетрис) is a puzzle video game created by Alexey Pajitnov, a Soviet software engineer, in the mid-1980s.
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Minecraft (Wikipedia)
Media Entries: Minecraft, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Minecraft, Article lead sentence
Minecraft is a sandbox video game developed and published by the Swedish company Mojang Studios.
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Super Mario Bros. (Wikipedia)
Media Entries: Super Mario Bros., Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Super Mario Bros., Article lead sentence
Super Mario Bros. is a 1985 platform game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES). Directed and produced by Shigeru Miyamoto, it is the successor to the 1983 arcade game Mario Bros. and the first
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World of Warcraft (Wikipedia)
Media Entries: World of Warcraft, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: World of Warcraft, Article lead sentence
World of Warcraft (WoW) is a 2004 massively multiplayer online role-playing (MMORPG) video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment for Windows and macOS.
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Grand Theft Auto III (Wikipedia)
Media Entries: Grand Theft Auto III, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Grand Theft Auto III, Article lead sentence
Grand Theft Auto III is a 2001 action-adventure game developed by DMA Design and published by Rockstar Games.
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The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationMedia Entries: The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time, Article lead sentence
The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time is a 1998 action-adventure game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo 64.
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Fortnite (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationMedia Entries: Fortnite, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Fortnite, Article lead sentence
Fortnite is a 2017 online video game and game platform developed and released by Epic Games.
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Zork (Wikipedia)
WikipediaMedia Entries: Zork, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Zork, Article lead sentence
Zork is a text adventure game first released in 1977 by developers Tim Anderson, Marc Blank, Bruce Daniels, and Dave Lebling for the PDP-10 mainframe computer.
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SimCity (Wikipedia)
Media Entries: SimCity, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: SimCity, Article lead sentence
SimCity is an open-ended city-building video game franchise originally designed by Will Wright.
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Metroid (Wikipedia)
Media Entries: Metroid, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Metroid, Article lead sentence
Metroid is an action-adventure game franchise created by Nintendo. The player controls the bounty hunter Samus Aran, who protects the galaxy from Space Pirates and their attempts to harness the power of the parasitic Metroid creatures.
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Super Mario 64 (Wikipedia)
Media Entries: Super Mario 64, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Super Mario 64, Article lead sentence
Super Mario 64 is a 1996 platform game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo 64.
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Street Fighter II (Wikipedia)
Media Entries: Street Fighter II, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Street Fighter II, Article lead sentence
Street Fighter II: The World Warrior is a 1991 fighting game developed and published by Capcom for arcades.
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Final Fantasy VII (Wikipedia)
Media Entries: Final Fantasy VII, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Final Fantasy VII, Article lead sentence
Final Fantasy VII is a 1997 role-playing video game developed and published by Square for the PlayStation.
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Wii Sports, Wikipedia
Media Entries: Wii Sports, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Wii Sports, Article lead sentence
Wii Sports is a 2006 sports simulation video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Wii video game console.
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The Legend of Zelda (video game), Wikipedia
Media Entries: The Legend of Zelda, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: The Legend of Zelda, Article lead sentence
The Legend of Zelda is a 1986 action-adventure game developed and published by Nintendo for the Family Computer Disk System.
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Grand Theft Auto V, Wikipedia
Media Entries: Grand Theft Auto V, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Grand Theft Auto V, Article lead sentence
Grand Theft Auto V is a 2013 action-adventure game developed by Rockstar North and published by Rockstar Games.
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Halo: Combat Evolved, Wikipedia
Media Entries: Halo: Combat Evolved, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Halo: Combat Evolved, Article lead sentence
Halo: Combat Evolved is a 2001 first-person shooter game developed by Bungie and published by Microsoft Game Studios.
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Candy Crush Saga, Wikipedia
Media Entries: Candy Crush Saga, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Candy Crush Saga, Article lead sentence
Candy Crush Saga is a free-to-play tile-matching video game released by King on April 12, 2012, originally for Facebook; other versions for iOS, Android, Windows Phone, and Windows 10 followed.
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Portal (video game), Wikipedia
Media Entries: Portal, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Portal, Article lead sentence
Portal is a 2007 puzzle-platform game developed and published by Valve.
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Elden Ring, Wikipedia
Media Entries: Elden Ring, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Elden Ring, Article lead sentence
Elden Ring is a 2022 action role-playing game directed by Hidetaka Miyazaki with worldbuilding provided by the American fantasy writer George R.
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Wikipedia: Ultima Online
Media Entries: Ultima Online, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Ultima Online, Article lead sentence
Ultima Online (UO) is a fantasy massively multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) released on September 24, 1997 by Origin Systems.
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Animal Crossing (video game), Wikipedia
Media Entries: Animal Crossing (2001 video game), Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Animal Crossing (2001 video game), Article lead sentence
Animal Crossing, known in Japan as Dōbutsu no Mori, is a social simulation game developed and published by Nintendo.
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Wikipedia: Metal Gear
Media Entries: Metal Gear Solid, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Metal Gear Solid, Article lead sentence
Metal Gear (Japanese: メタルギア) is a Japanese franchise of action-adventure stealth games created by Hideo Kojima.
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Wikipedia: Dance Dance Revolution
Media Entries: Dance Dance Revolution, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Dance Dance Revolution, Article lead sentence
Dance Dance Revolution (ダンスダンスレボリューション, Dansu Dansu Reboryūshon) (abbreviated DDR; also called DanRevo, Dance Revo, or DanceRevo; stylized as DanceDanceRevolution since SuperNOVA) is a music video game series produced by Konami.
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Undertale, Wikipedia
Media Entries: Undertale, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Undertale, Article lead sentence
Undertale is a 2015 role-playing video game created by American indie developer Toby Fox.
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Wikipedia: Super Smash Bros. (video game)
Media Entries: Super Smash Bros. (1999 video game), Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Super Smash Bros. (1999 video game), Article lead sentence
Super Smash Bros. is a 1999 crossover fighting game developed by HAL Laboratory and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo 64. It is the first game in the Super Smash Bros. series and was released in Japan on January 21, 1999; in North
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Wikipedia: Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas
Media Entries: Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas, Article lead sentence
Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas is a 2004 action-adventure game developed by Rockstar North and published by Rockstar Games.
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Wikipedia: The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt
Media Entries: The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt, Article lead sentence
The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt‍ is a 2015 action role-playing game developed and published by CD Projekt.
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Wikipedia: God of War (2018 video game)
Media Entries: God of War (2018 video game), Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: God of War (2018 video game), Article lead sentence
God of War is a 2018 action-adventure game developed by Santa Monica Studio and published by Sony Interactive Entertainment.
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Wikipedia: The Last of Us (video game)
Media Entries: The Last of Us (2013 video game), Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: The Last of Us (2013 video game), Article lead sentence
The Last of Us is a 2013 action-adventure game developed by Naughty Dog and published by Sony Computer Entertainment.
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Wikipedia: BioShock
Media Entries: BioShock, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: BioShock, Article lead sentence
BioShock is a 2007 first-person shooter video game developed by 2K Boston (later Irrational Games) and 2K Australia, and published by 2K.
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Wikipedia: Persona 5
Media Entries: Persona 5, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Persona 5, Article lead sentence
Persona 5 is a 2016 role-playing video game developed by P-Studio. The game is the sixth installment in the Persona series, itself a spin-off from the Megami Tensei franchise. Published by Atlus in Japan and North America, and Deep Silver
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Wikipedia: Kirby's Dream Land
Media Entries: Kirby's Dream Land, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Kirby's Dream Land, Article lead sentence
Kirby's Dream Land is a 1992 platform game developed by HAL Laboratory and published by Nintendo for the Game Boy.
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Wikipedia: Mega Man (1987 video game)
Media Entries: Mega Man (1987 video game), Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Mega Man (1987 video game), Article lead sentence
Mega Man, known as Rockman in East Asia, is a 1987 platformer game developed and published by Capcom for the NES/Famicom.
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Wikipedia: Castlevania (1986 video game)
Media Entries: Castlevania (1986 video game), Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Castlevania (1986 video game), Article lead sentence
Castlevania, known in Japan as Akumajō Dracula, is a 1986 platform game developed and published by Konami.
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Wikipedia: Silent Hill (video game)
Media Entries: Silent Hill (1999 video game), Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Silent Hill (1999 video game), Article lead sentence
Silent Hill is a 1999 survival horror video game developed by Konami's Team Silent and published by Konami for the PlayStation.
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Wikipedia: Uncharted 2: Among Thieves
Media Entries: Uncharted 2: Among Thieves, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Uncharted 2: Among Thieves, Article lead sentence
Uncharted 2: Among Thieves is a 2009 action-adventure game developed by Naughty Dog and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 3.
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Wikipedia: Rocket League
Media Entries: Rocket League, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Rocket League, Article lead sentence
Rocket League is a 2015 vehicular soccer video game developed and published by Psyonix.
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Wikipedia: Apex Legends
Media Entries: Apex Legends, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Apex Legends, Article lead sentence
Apex Legends is a 2019 battle royale-hero shooter video game developed by Respawn Entertainment and published by Electronic Arts, set in the same science fiction universe as Respawn's Titanfall series.
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Wikipedia: Valorant
Media Entries: Valorant, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Valorant, Article lead sentence
Valorant (stylized in all caps) is a 2020 first-person tactical hero shooter video game developed and published by Riot Games.
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Wikipedia: Team Fortress 2
Media Entries: Team Fortress 2, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Team Fortress 2, Article lead sentence
Team Fortress 2 is a 2007 multiplayer first-person shooter game developed and published by Valve Corporation.
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Wikipedia: Left 4 Dead
Media Entries: Left 4 Dead, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Left 4 Dead, Article lead sentence
Left 4 Dead is a 2008 first-person shooter game developed by Valve South and published by Valve.
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Wikipedia: Splatoon (video game)
Media Entries: Splatoon, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Splatoon, Article lead sentence
Splatoon is a 2015 third-person shooter game developed and published by Nintendo for the Wii U.
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Words with Friends - Wikipedia
Media Entries: Words with Friends, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Words with Friends, Article lead sentence
Words with Friends is a multiplayer computer word game developed by Newtoy.
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Clash of Clans - Wikipedia
Media Entries: Clash of Clans, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Clash of Clans, Article lead sentence
Clash of Clans is a 2012 free-to-play mobile strategy video game developed and published by Supercell.
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Tennis for Two - Wikipedia
Media Entries: Tennis for Two, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Tennis for Two, Article lead sentence
Tennis for Two (also known as Computer Tennis) is a 1958 sports video game designed by the American physicist William Higinbotham at the Brookhaven National Laboratory.
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Angry Birds (Wikipedia)
Wikimedia FoundationMedia Entries: Angry Birds, Article lead sentence
Quote, Media Entries: Angry Birds, Article lead sentence
Angry Birds is a video game series and media franchise created by Finnish game designer Jaakko Iisalo and owned by Rovio Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sega.
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Wikipedia - The Sims
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The Sims is a series of life simulation video games developed by Maxis and published by Electronic Arts (EA).
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Space Invaders (Wikipedia)
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Space Invaders is a 1978 fixed shooter video game developed and published by Taito for arcades.
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Wikipedia - Warcraft
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Warcraft is a fantasy video game series and media franchise created by Blizzard Entertainment.
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Wikipedia - MapleStory
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MapleStory (Korean: 메이플스토리 meipeulseutoli) is a free-to-play, 2D, side-scrolling massively multiplayer online role-playing game, developed by South Korean company Wizet and published by Nexon.
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Granblue Fantasy (Wikipedia)
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Granblue Fantasy is a Japanese role-playing video game developed by Cygames for Android, iOS and web browsers, which was first released in Japan in March 2014.
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Kantai Collection (Wikipedia)
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Kantai Collection (Japanese: 艦隊これくしょん, Hepburn: Kantai Korekushon; lit. 'Fleet Collection'), abbreviated as KanColle (艦これ, KanKore), is a Japanese free-to-play web browser game developed by Kadokawa Games and published by DMM.com.
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Corpse Party (Wikipedia)
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Corpse Party (Japanese: コープスパーティー, Hepburn: Kōpusu Pātī) is a horror video game originally created by Makoto Kedōin and eventually developed by Team GrisGris.
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Hyperdimension Neptunia (Wikipedia)
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Hyperdimension Neptunia (超次元ゲイム ネプテューヌ, Chōjigen Geimu Neputyūnu; lit. 'Super Dimensional Game Neptune') is a series of role-playing video games produced by Compile Heart and Idea Factory, which revolves around and parodies the real-life video gaming industry usually from a Japanese perspective along with parodies of other forms of Japanese otaku subcultures.
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Silent Hill (Wikipedia)
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Silent Hill (サイレントヒル, Sairento Hiru) is a Japanese horror franchise centered on a series of survival horror video games created by Team Silent and published by Konami.
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Mortal Kombat (Wikipedia)
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Mortal Kombat is an American media franchise centered on a series of fighting video games originally developed by Midway Games in 1992.
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Entertainment Software Rating Board (Wikipedia)
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The Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) is a self-regulatory organization that assigns age and content ratings to consumer video games in the United States and Canada.
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Doom (1993 video game) (Wikipedia)
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Doom is a 1993 first-person shooter game developed and published by id Software for MS-DOS.
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Civilization (Wikipedia)
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Sid Meier's Civilization is a 1991 turn-based strategy 4X video game developed and published by MicroProse.
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StarCraft (Wikipedia)
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StarCraft is a real-time strategy video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment for Microsoft Windows.
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Chris Metzen (Wikipedia)
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Christopher Vincent Metzen (born November 22, 1973) is an American game designer, artist, voice actor, and author known for his work creating the fictional universes and scripts for Blizzard Entertainment's three major award-winning media franchises: Warcraft, Diablo and StarCraft.
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Yoshinori Kitase (Wikipedia)
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Yoshinori Kitase (北瀬 佳範, Kitase Yoshinori; born September 23, 1966) is a Japanese company director, video game producer and former game director working for Square Enix.
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Masahiro Sakurai (Wikipedia)
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Masahiro Sakurai (桜井 政博, Sakurai Masahiro; born August 3, 1970) is a Japanese video game director and game designer best known as the creator of the Kirby and Super Smash Bros. series.
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Bruce Straley (Wikipedia)
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Bruce Straley is an American game director, artist, designer, and studio director.
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Hidetaka Miyazaki (Wikipedia)
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Hidetaka Miyazaki (Japanese: 宮崎 英高, Hepburn: Miyazaki Hidetaka; born September 19, 1974) is a Japanese video game director, designer, writer, and president of the game developer FromSoftware.
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Ed Boon (Wikipedia)
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Edward Boon (born February 22, 1964) is an American video game programmer, voice actor, and director.
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Shinji Mikami (Wikipedia)
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Shinji Mikami (三上 真司, Mikami Shinji; born August 11, 1965) is a Japanese video game designer, director, and producer.
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Ken Levine (Wikipedia)
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Kenneth M. Levine (born September 1, 1966) is an American video game developer.
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Katsura Hashino (Wikipedia)
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Katsura Hashino (Japanese: 橋野 桂, Hepburn: Hashino Katsura) is a Japanese video game director and producer, best known for working on the Persona role-playing game series by Atlus.
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Hisashi Nogami (Wikipedia)
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Hisashi Nogami (野上恒, Nogami Hisashi; born 1971) is a Japanese video game designer, director, and producer at Nintendo.
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Yoshiaki Koizumi (Wikipedia)
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Yoshiaki Koizumi (小泉 歓晃, Koizumi Yoshiaki; born April 29, 1968) is a Japanese video game designer, director, producer, and business executive.
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Hitoshi Akamatsu (Wikipedia)
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Hitoshi Akamatsu (Japanese: 赤松仁司, Hepburn: Akamatsu Hitoshi) is a Japanese video game designer and programmer.
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Hidemaro Fujibayashi (Wikipedia)
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Hidemaro Fujibayashi (藤林 秀麿, Fujibayashi Hidemaro; born October 1, 1972) is a Japanese video game designer at Nintendo.
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Gunpei Yokoi (Wikipedia)
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Gunpei Yokoi (Japanese: 横井 軍平, Hepburn: Yokoi Gunpei; 10 September 1941-4 October 1997), sometimes transliterated as Gumpei Yokoi, was a Japanese toy maker and video game designer.
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John Tobias (Wikipedia)
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John Tobias (born August 24, 1969) is an American comic book artist, graphic designer, video game designer, and writer.
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Hideo Kojima (Wikipedia)
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Hideo Kojima (小島 秀夫, Kojima Hideo; born August 24, 1963) is a Japanese video game designer, writer, director, and producer.
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Katsuya Eguchi (Wikipedia)
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Katsuya Eguchi (Japanese: 江口 勝也, Hepburn: Eguchi Katsuya; born April 7, 1965) is a Japanese video game designer, director and producer at Nintendo.
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Amy Hennig (Wikipedia)
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Amy Hennig (born August 19, 1964) is an American video game designer, writer, and director.
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Jenova Chen (Wikipedia)
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Xinghan Chen (Chinese: 陈星汉; pinyin: Chén Xīnghàn; born October 8, 1981), known professionally as Jenova Chen, is a Chinese video game designer.
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Tom Hall (Wikipedia)
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Tom Hall is an American video game designer best known as a co-founder of id Software and designer on classic titles such as Doom, Wolfenstein 3D and Commander Keen.
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Takashi Tokita (Wikipedia)
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Takashi Tokita (時田 貴司, Tokita Takashi) (born 24 January 1965) is a Japanese video game developer working for Square Enix.
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Roberta Williams (Wikipedia)
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Roberta Lynn Williams (née Heuer; born February 16, 1953) is an American video game designer and writer.
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Kazunori Yamauchi (Wikipedia)
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Kazunori Yamauchi (山内 一典, Yamauchi Kazunori; born August 5, 1967), nicknamed "Kaz", is a Japanese game designer and racing driver.
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Open Questions (2 open questions)
Does violent screen media cause real-world aggression?

After more than six decades of research on screen violence and two decades focused on video games, the field remains genuinely divided. Laboratory studies find small short-term effects on aggressive thoughts and behavior, meta-analyses disagree over whether those effects are meaningful or artifacts of publication bias and weak measures, and long-term causal effects on real violence have not been demonstrated to the field's satisfaction; professional bodies have issued and then softened cautionary statements as the evidence has been re-examined.

What would resolve this Preregistered longitudinal studies with behavioral rather than proxy outcomes, large enough to detect or bound small effects, and adversarial collaborations between the camps that agree on the measures before the data are collected.
Psychology, Media Studies, EpidemiologyEncyclopedia Britannica
Which computer game is properly the first video game: OXO (1952), Tennis for Two (1958), Spacewar! (1962), or a later commercially released title such as the Magnavox Odyssey games (1972)?

Historians disagree because the answer turns on a contested definition rather than a missing fact. OXO ran on a specific vacuum-tube computer for a single university event; Tennis for Two used an oscilloscope display built for a lab open house; Spacewar! was the first game widely copied among research institutions on a raster-style display; and the Magnavox Odyssey (1972) was the first to reach ordinary homes commercially. Each is a genuine first by a different, defensible definition of what counts as a video game, and no consensus definition has settled which definition governs the title.

What would resolve this A scholarly consensus definition of video game (display technology required, degree of interactivity, public versus laboratory intent) that the video game history field has not settled on.
Video game history, computing historyWikipedia
Frequently Asked Questions

Who invented the video game?

Ralph Baer for the first home console (1972); Atari own Pong for the first commercially successful arcade game (1972); earlier lab projects have their own narrower claims.

It depends what counts as a video game. Ralph Baer developed the Brown Box prototype at Sanders Associates between 1966 and 1972; licensed to Magnavox, it was released in September 1972 as the Odyssey, the first commercially available HOME video game console, and Baer is widely called the father of video games for that work. Separately, Atari own Pong, released later in 1972 and designed by Allan Alcorn at Nolan Bushnell direction, became the first commercially successful ARCADE video game. Earlier laboratory and university projects, OXO (1952), Tennis for Two (1958) and Spacewar! (1962), have their own claims to being the first video game in a narrower technical sense; this atlas records that dispute as a genuinely open question rather than picking a single winner.
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